Type-writing machine



4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

G. S. HEATH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE. No. 560,164. Patented May 12, 1896Eff-flexes:

:NDREW E GRAHAM. PHDTO-UTNQWASHINFION. D C

N0 Mpdel.)

4 Sheets-S'neet 2. G. S. HEATH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 560,164. Patented May 12, 1896.

AN DREW EGRAHAM. PHOTU-UTHOYWASHINGFDN D c (No Model.\ 4 Sheets-SheetB.

G. S. HEATH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

No. 560,164. PatentedMay 12, 1896.

ANDREW B GRANAM PDTD-UTHD WAsmNGTmLDc 4 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

G. S. HEATH. TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

ANDREW BJSRAHAM. PHOTOUDIOYWASHNGTONY D C UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORGE S. HEATH, OF SPRINGFIELD, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES F. HOXYE, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SIPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 560,164, dated May 12,1896. Application filed October 4, 1893. Serial No. 487,202. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. HEATH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State ofMassachusetts, have invented new and usef ul Improvem cuts inType-Vriting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention particularly relates to improvements in the mechanism forshifting the carriage fore and aft for upper and lower case printing; toan improved adj ustable marginal stop or device for arresting thecarriage before it has run so far as to bring the end portion of theplaten to the type-im pact point, in combination with mechanism forpreventing the operation of the key-levers after the carriage hasreached the end of its run; to improvements in the bell-ringing device;to improvements in the automatic ribbon-feeding mechanism and supportingdevices for the portion of the ribbon running between the tworibbon-rolls, and, furthermore, to other features of construction whichwill be hereinafter referred to.

The invention consists in constructions and combinations of parts, allsubstantially as will appear from the following description and bepointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of the frame ofthe type-writing machine with the carriage and the present noveldevices. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the machine, taken throughthe center thereof from front to rear. Fig. 2 is a view in detail ofportions of the carriage-shift device. Fig. 3 is a rear elevation of apart of the machine for the purpose of showing the improved marginalstop, the bell-ringing device, and a part of the locking mechanism forpreventing the operation of the keys. Fig. 4: is a horizontal sectionalview of a lower part of the frame and a plan view of a part of theuniversal bar and key-levers and the locking device in engagementtherewith. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the adjustable marginal stopwith the parts thereof detached one from the other. Fig. (3 is a centralvertical sectional view of the marginal stop shown as in its engagementupon the toothed bar of carriage therefor. Fig. 7 is a front elevationof parts of the frame of the machine,

showing the novel ribbon-feed mechanism. Fig. 8 is a View taken at rightangles to Fig. '7, showing the portion of the ribbon-feeding mechanismat one end of the machine, the dotted lines representing the changedposition thereof. Fig. 9 is a perspective view illustrating a detentdevice for the rock-shaft which shifts the ribbon-feed.

In the drawings, A and B represent the parallel front and rearhorizontal longitudinal support-s or rails, on which the carriage 0runs. The carriage is provided with wheels or rollers a (L, those at therear of the carriage running in a grooveway Z) therefor. lVithin thebaseof this groove b is a subgroove 11 into which dirt or dust collectedin the main groove may fall to leave the runway always clear. The saidhorizontal rails or supports A B have at their ends the dependingmembers A B which by their lower ends are pivotally mounted, asindicated at c 0, upon upper parts of the frame of the machine, so thatthe said carriage-support rails may move forward and backward in unisonfor uppercase or lower-case printing, as insured by the rod 0 which tiesthem together.

One of the depending members 13 of the carriage support-rail has theforwardly-extended arm B with which the curved c011- necting-rod (Z has,by its upper end, a pivotal connection, while the lower end of thisconnecting-rod has a pivotal connection with a special key-lever e,which is known as the carriage shift-key. It will be perceived that thiskey-lever is recessed, as seen at 6 on its under side adjacent theuniversal bar D, so that this particular key-lever, unlike all of theothers of the machine in its oper. tion, will not move the universal barto operate the letter-spacing escapement. This key 2 may be depressedand so held to shift and hold momentarily the carriage from its normalposition forward, so that one, or perhaps several, capitals may beprinted, but for continuous capitalizing the shifted relations of theparts may be maintained by the locking device which will be nowdescribed as follows: On the support-lug of the machine-frame ispivoted, at its elbow, an angular lever f, one arm of whichthat bears onthe aforesaid arm B is very much longer than the arm to which the link 9is connected. The link has its circularly-apertured end to embrace aboss 762, which projects sidewise from the end portion of a lever 72'.This lever is pivotally supported on a suitable member of the frame, thepivot screw or stud h passing eccentrieally through the aforesaid boss7L2. The lever swinging upwardly causes, through the cam action of theboss, an endwise draft upon the link to swing the lever f, insuring thedownswinging of the arm 13 and the shifting of the carriage. The partswill remain in their so-shifted positions until purposely reshifted,because of the fact that as the lever is swung the eccentric-boss isturned slightly by the dead-center just after the limit of downwardmovement of the arm has been reached, the long arm f of the angularlever having slight springing capabilities to permit the passage of theeccentric by the dead-center, as stated. The deadcenter just mentionedis found when the center of the aperture in the lever h and the centerof the eccentric are in line with the length of the link.

The improved marginal stop is fully and clearly illustrated in Figs. 2,3, 5, and G, and is applied upon the rear horizontal longitudi nal rail25 of the part F of the carriage. Said rail has a rounded top and agroove 26 along its rear side. The rounded top of the said rail has aseries of alternating cross V notches and ribs with blunt points. Theseparation of the grooves corresponds to the letter-spacing of themachine, which is detcrmined by the distance between the teeth of theratcheted bar It for the escapement mechanism. The marginal stepconsists 'of a block 2', which is formed at its under side with anaperture i to fit the rounded top of the said rail 25 and, with thedepending and forwardly turned lug 2 to engage in said groove 26. Theset-screw 1 passing through said lug i and against the rail, confinesthe block in place 011 the rail. The block 6 has the longitudinal recessvertically therein, within which is pivoted the pawl or dog '2', withthe tooth i at its lower part. A projection of this dog is shown, whichserves as a handle-lever for swinging it out of engagement with thenotches of the rail 20. By having the notches of the said rail of equallength with and properly adjusted to the ratchet-teeth of theescapement-bar 7; the setting of the stop-block i, through the pawl ordog 1' in engagement with one or the other of the notches, will insurethe arrest of the carriage just at the end of a letter-space feedmovement thereof, as plain. By having the teeth on ribs 31 between thenotches approximatelyin the form of equilateral triangles, preferablywith blunted apexes, the stop block 2' may, when the set-screw i hasbeen released, be slid inwardlywithout lifting the pawl i. It will alsobe noticed on reference to Fig. 6 that the teeth 1' of the pawl has afirm bearing against and throughout the entire area of the inner face ofthe teeth 31, so that the impact by the marginal stop against theabutment-piece which is provided therefor is absolutely resisted, nogiving of the stop longitudinally being permitted after be ingrepeatedly struck by the carriage. Furthermore, by providing the form ofnotches shown throughout the length of the said rail 25 a marginal stopsimilar to the one shown may be used at or toward the other end of therail, its recess and the pawl therein being in this provision arrangedwith the block toward the right instead of toward the left, and all soas to similarly resist the rightward movement of the carriage, it beingfree on the loosening of its set-screw to be slid to the left withouttak ing the trouble to lift its pawl. The position of the stop fartherfrom or nearer to the end of the rail 25 determines the time of lockingthe uni' versal bar for preventing the further operation of thekey-leversand the consequent endwise movement of the carriage. Thislocking of the universal bar is through means of the lever j, which ispivotally hung toward its upper end for a swinging movement in avertical plane fore and aft of the machine, and which is transversely ofthe length of the universal bar D. The upper end of the lever isprojected into the path of movement of the setscrew '2'" of the marginalstop, and the lower end of the lever has the angular footj and theposition of the lever is normally such as to have the foot swung freefrom under the universal bar, as insured by the spring j. The projectingpart of the set-screw i is tapered, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2, so thatthe impingement thereby against the upper extremity of the lever jimparts the forward movement to the upper end and the rearward movementto the lower end thereof to lock the universal bar against beingdepressed. This locking preventing the operation of the escapementdevices as well as the depression of any key-lever consequently preventsa type from being thrown against the platen after the marginal step hascome to the limit of its run, as predetermined. It is designed to ringthe bell previous to the last several possible operations of thekey-levers preceding the arrest of the carriage and locking of theuniversal bar, as aforesaichno matter what may be the position of themarginal stop. The bell Gr is mounted in a usual position at the rear ofthe machine, and the hammer in is carried upon the end of a radial armextended from the hub m which is mounted for a rocking movement upon thestud 121 there being projected from the hub angularly the trip arm orlug m and opposite thereto the weight in.

Adj ustabl y secured upon the marginal stop-block 'i is the horizontallongitudinallyslotted bar 72, with the depending lug or extension n inthe path of travel of which is the aforesaid trip-arm m of the striker.The slotted bar n is set within a recess i therefor in the back of theblock 2', all so that as the partial rotary movement.

position of the marginal stop is changed the bar a may becorrespondingly changed, whereby the tripping of the bell-hammerperformed thereby may take place at the instant properly previous to thelimitation of movement, as aforesaid, by the marginal stop.

In this machine the ribbon rolls or spools H H are mounted on horizontalshafts 1 1 which extend horizontally from front to rear of the machineunder the top of the frame, these rolls having endwise movementsimparted thereto as the machine is operated, so that a crosswise feed isgiven to the ribbon, whereby the type will not successively strike uponthe same place. The means for this crosswise movement of theribbon-spools need not be herein described in detail, as it has alreadybeen described in various applications for patents and is well known tothose skilled in the art. Upon the forward end of each ribbon-spool is acircular ratchet-wheel 0. At the front of the machine, opposite aportion of each ribbon-spool which is toward the center of the machinefrom the axis, is a lever J, pivoted near the lower end, as seen at 35,upon verticalmembers of the side framing. Each lever has pivotally hungat its upper end a pivoted segment 19, the arc edge of which isratchet-toothed, as seen at 40, for engagement with the circularlyarranged ratchet-teeth on the head of the ribbon-spool. Each of thesegments 1) has connected to a suitable point thereof off from itspivotal connection with the lever J one end of a link q, the other endof which is pivoted, as seen at 2, to a stationary lug or member of theframin g. As the lever J is swung toward the head of the ribbon-roll,the segment is, by the link g, constrained to have a movement throughabout a quarter of a cirelefor instance, going from the position seen infull lines, Fig. 8, to that seen in the dotted lines in said figure, orvice versa as the lever is reversely swung. Of course it is understoodthat with one of the segments in working engagement with the ratchetedhead of the one spool (the other segmental pawl being thrown out) as thespool runs toward the pawl-carry ing lever, and the lever being forcedthereby approaches the vertical position, the pawl carrying lever causesthe ribbon-roll to be turned around the extent of quite a number of theratchet-teeth.

Below the levers J J and running horizontally and longitudinally of themachine is a rock-shaft 3G, with the thumb-knob 37 at its end forconvenience for imparting thereto its This rock-shaft has near each enda lever-arm .9, one for engaging the arm 15 of the adjacent lever J.These arms .9 s are not set exactly opposite each other, nor are thearms If t of the levers .T J, nor are said arms of the same pattern; butthey vary, especially in arrangement, as seen by the comparison betweenthe full lines and the dotted lines at the lower left-hand partof Fi 9all so that as the rock-shaft is turned in one direction one of thelevers J is caused to be swung to carry its ratcheted segment or pawlinto engagement with the circular ratchet of the adjacent ribbon-spooland the other to be carried in the reverse direction and out ofengagement, or vice versa. Therefore, on noting in the illustration ofsaid parts in Fig. 2, it will be remembered that the dotted linesrepresent one pawl-carrier and the rock-shaft arm for operating it,while the full lines represent the set of corresponding parts at theother end of the machine. Now it will be seen that the position of therock-shaft is such that the arm 8 (shown by full lines) is so freed frommember t of pawl-carrier that the said carrier is, by its gravityaction, permitted to swing to its working position, while the end of arm3* is so positioned that its end prevents the inward swinging of theadjacent pawl-carrying lever, because the part of its member 25* nearthe pivot is in abutment against the end of the arm Now on turning therock-shaft to the right both arms 5 8* move in unison, the one, s,forcing the pawl-carrying lever out of its working position by impingingagainst the arm t, while the arm 5* at the other end moves clear fromthe adjacent pawl-lever arm and allows the pawl-lever to move into itsworking position. The working position now assumed by the latterpawl-carrying lever is seen in the dotted lines in Fig. 8, as well,also, as the then relative position of the rockshaft arm 8*. Themovement of arm 8* from the position shown by dotted lines, Fig. 8, tothat shown by full lines causes the impingement by said arm against themember to swing the pawl-carrying lever out from its position of workingengagement. The rock-shaft 36 is held in either position desired, andconsequently, also, the lever 25 and pawls p, by reason of theapplication of the detent-spring 41 and shoulder 43. (See Fig. 9.) Apeculiarity of. the arrangement of the pawl-carrier members androck-shaft arms is that the arm 8 has its initial impingement near thepivot of the pawl-carrying lever, the swinging of the latter proceedingas the arm moves away from said pivot, while, as regards the parts atthe other end of the machine, the rockshaft arm 3* has its initialimpingement, Fig. 8, at the edge of arm t*, near its outer end, theswinging of the pawl-carrying lever proceeding as the arm moves towardthe pivot thereof. As the carriage-supports A B have their fore-and-aftshifting movements, the centers of shifting movements of which are at cc, as aforementioned, the rails A B and carriage do not move strictly ina horizontal and straight line; but their movement is in the course ofan arc of comparatively large radius. In order, therefore, that theforeand-aft shifting movement may be permitted without any bind at theconnection between the carriage and the part E means are provided forsuch connection between the carriage and said part E, which consist ofthe ICO block it, having the journal-studs n which are fitted invertical and suitably-separated ear-pieces a of the part I 1 The block,which therefore is capable of a rotational movement, has transverselythrough it the socket a through which plays the closelyfitted dowel u,which is extended rearwardly from the frame of the carriage proper.Therefore any departure which the dowel has in its foreand-aft movementfrom the rectilinear line is accommodated by the slight swivelingmovement of the apertured block it.

lVhat has hereinbefore been referred to as the carriage proper in thisdesign of construction consists of alongitudinally-arranged bar '10,upon which the aforementioned wheels which run in the grooveway Z) aremounted. This bar has near each end upwardly-extended ear-lugs a: 00, inwhich the rear round rods constituting the rear longitudinal member ofthe carriage or platen frame are mounted, so that the carriage-frame maybe swung upwardly upon the carriage proper for exposing the typewrittenwork, as usual in many machines. In order that the carriage as a whole,with all the paper-feeding devices thereon, may be moved longitudinallyany distance desired, even while the carriageframe is upwardly swung, asaforesaid, I provide upon the carriage-frame a peculiarly formed andarranged lever, which operates the shiftingbar Z for the escapement.This bar is seen in Fig. l and has diagonally-arranged slots atdifferent portions along its length, only one thereof being shown inthis view, because a portion of the length of the bar is understood asbroken away. This bar is set in recesses therefor at the back of thecarriage proper, so that it may move longitudinally and alsorearwa-rdly, its position being just above and parallel with theratcheted escapement-bar 7t on'the carriage. It will be here mentionedthat the form of the escapement-pawl employed in this machine issubstantially that used in the wellknown Densmore type-writing machineand which was described in Letters Patent of the United States grantedto me May 17, 1892, No. at? 5,057 the operating-pawls OS 68 of which aremounted for a bodily-swinging movement rearwardly away from theratcheted bar 75. Therefore as the said bar Z is movedendwise it hasalso a transverse movement as insured by the stationary studs 52 of thecarriage, exertinga cam action of the said diagonal slots 60. This bar Zhas an arm 61, horizontally extended right-angularly to its lengthforward into proximity and just outside of one end of the rod 62, whichforms the rear member of the carriage'frame, and which constitutes thefulcrum bearing or connection thereof on the carriage proper. Upon thecarriageframe is intermediately pivoted the horizontal lever 63 for aswinging movement in a horizontal plane. The rear end of this lever iscurved or coiled around, as indicated at 6i, this curved part beingdescribed, substantially, about a center which is coincident with thesaid fulcrum -rod 62 of the carriageframe, and it lies next to theextremity of the aforesaid arm 61 of the escapement shift-bar Z. Thislever has at its forward end the upturned finger-lug 65, opposite whichon the carriage-frame is the abutment extension 615, against which athumb may rest while the forefinger bears upon the said finger-lug toforce it toward the said extension. It will be manifest that no matterwhether the carriageframe is swung upwardly or not the aforesaid end ofthe lever curved about the line of the fulcrum will never be moved outof position of engagement for forcing the shift-bar endwise.

The ribbon is supported between the two ribbon-rolls by the horizontalplates y y,which are secured on the top ring of the frame by screws andwhich have their inner edges at suitable distances to each side of thecenter of the ring up to which the type-bars come. An upset horizontaltransverse tongue 1 with which each plate is provided, overlies theribbon and assists in preventing any displace ment thereof. This tongueis of such length as to permit the required transverse movement of theribbon as insured by the axial movement of the spools. The tongues ofthe ribbon'supporting plates may be struck up from the platesthemselves, or they may be separately formed and riveted or otherwiseattached to the plates.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination with a shifting support onwhich the carriage runs, having the leverarm B of the angle-lever, f,pivotally mounted and having one arm in engagement with said lever-arm,the handle-lever, h, pivotally mounted, and having the eccentric-boss,and the link, g, having one end pivotall y connected to an arm of theangular lever and its other end in e11- gagement with saideccentric-boss, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In a typewriting machine, the combination with the shiftable supportfor the carriage having the lever-arm, B, of the key-lever, 6, the link,(Z, connected thereto and to the said lever-arm, the angle-lever, f,pivotally mounted and having one arm in contact with said lever-arm, thehandle-lever, 72/, pivotally mounted and having the eccentric-boss andthe link, g, having one end pivotally connected to an arm of the angularlever, and its other end in engagement with said eccentricboss,substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

I11 a typewriting machine, the combination with the universal bar andthe lockinglever, j, of the carriage and the marginal stop-block adaptedfor confinement adjust ably along the length of the carriage and ha"-ing the part to contact with said lever, the bell and striker and a partfor tripping the l. In a type-writing machine, the combination with theuniversal bar, the locking-lever,

j, the carriage and the marginal stop-block adjustable along thecarriage, and having the recess, i of the bell, G, and pivoted strikertherefor having the trip-arm, m the longitudinally-slotted bar, 02, setin said recess and having the depending extension, 91 and the sct-screwfor holding the slotted bar adjustably on the said stop-block,substantially as shown.

5. In a type-writing machine, in combination, the carriage proper and apart to the rear thereof which is movable longitudinally in unisontherewith, and with relation to which the carriage has a fore-and-aftshiftin g movement, and means for permitting such latter movementbetween said parts without binding which consists of a block mounted fora rotational movement about a longitudinal axis on one of said parts,and having a transverse socket, and a stud or dowel transverselyextended from the other of said parts I and having an engagement forlengthwise play through the transverse socket of said swiveling block,substantially as described.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage-framehaving the rearwardly-extended dowel, of the part, E to the rear of thecarriage having the escapementrack and having the two earpieces, theblock having the transversely-bored hole therethrough, for theengagement therein of said dowel and having the journals mounted forrotational movement in the said earpieces, substantially as and for thepurposes set forth.

7. In a type-writing machine, the combination with the carriage havingthe carriageframe fulcrumed to be swung thereon, and the escapementshift-bar mounted on the carriage having an arm extended into proximityto the fulcrum, and a lever-arm pivoted on the carriage-frame and havingan arm extended into proximity to the shift-bar arm, and one of saidarms having its extremity turned about a line coincident with thefulcrum, between the carriage and carriageframe, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

8. In a type-writing machine the combination with the ribbon-spools,pawls, and pawlcarrying levers, J, and the rock-shaft having the armsfor engaging members of the pawlcarrying lever substantially asdescribed, and having the shoulder 43, and the spring having a detentengagement with said shoulder, substantially as described.

GEORGE S. HEATH.

\Vitnesses:

TM. S. BELLows, H. J. MANNING.

